Bespoke Investment Group’s 2010 roundtable discussing asset class expectations

The 2010 Bespoke Roundtable is out, and as always, they’ve done some interesting work. I think it’s extremely insightful. the link to their full post is here: http://bespokepremium.com/roundtable/

They present the aggregated “up or down” predictions very clearly in this table:

I have a few quick comments:

-The up/down prediction for the S&P 500 is mostly “up” with only a couple “experts” disagreeing. Who knows? No one has EVER been able to successfully profit from trying to time the market over a reasonable time period. There are a zillion studies that reach that conclusion, and my summary of the Morningstar book has their conclusions based on their data that confirms the same thing. SO what do you do? Well, I think  you try to capture potential upside from equities by having some long-equity exposure, but you keep long-equity allocations to a minority of your portfolio, and instead spread your assets across multiple asset classes, with a preference for long/short strategies, and you try to generate current income (all the while trying to focus on uncorrelated investment returns).

-Long bonds: everyone polled agreed that they should have a negative return in 2010. There could be multiple reasons: rising interest rates, higher default rates, less attractive yields/valuations…the list goes on and on. This is why I prefer munis that are insured and through closed end funds that are trading at a discount: you reduce your tax liability and you reduce your default risk. The rising interest rate or rising inflation scenario is why I like floating / variable rate debt. You get income from being long debt, but the interest payments increase in size as overall interest rate levels rise.

-Junk bonds: not for me. I don’t know of any consistent and low-risk funds that have demonstrated success in the junk bond / high-yield debt space that I would consider for my portfolio at this present time. I say “at this present time” because entire asset classes can occasionally get cheap enough that you don’t really need to worry about the skill of a fund’s active asset management, but given the recent run-up in junk bonds and the uncertain default risk trend I just can’t stomach purchasing high-yield debt now when I can get similar income generation from other asset classes and can lower the tax impact by going with municipal bonds. Sure, junk bond prices can rise much more when they do rise versus munis or other higher-credit quality debt, but the reason junk bonds rally is usually because of optimism about near-to-medium term economic prospects, and I think that the best case scenario is already reflected in the massive recent appreciation of both junk bonds and equities.

-Gold & Oil: The roundtable has mixed expectations for the next year. I think that’s why I prefer a long/short commodity strategy and a long-term investment horizon. Commodities are an important asset class to have in your portfolio, so you don’t want to forget to have some exposure, even if it’s only a little. If inflation does become an issue, regardless of what macroeconomic demand is, then commodities will benefit.

-The US Dollar: The roundtable is uncertain and so am I about what the Dollar will do in the next year. Over the medium-to-long-term, however, I have very high conviction that the US Dollar will continue to lose its purchasing power and will continue to decline against other currencies, just like it has done over the last 50+ years. This is why I like an absolute-return strategy currency allocation. Currencies are a very, very tricky asset to trade profitably, and I would advise non-expert investors to let the experts handle it and go with a good mutual fund.

-China: Who knows what happens. I will probably always keep a portion of my assets in Chinese equities (I hold HAO), although I have recently trimmed my allocation after the very large run up in Chinese equity prices. Regardless, China has much more attractive prospects for equity investment returns over the long-term than the US does, so I will always hold some China and will look to buy more over time when the overall indexes decline.

Strategies For Uncertain Times: Currencies

Overview: I prefer a strategy that employs funds with an absolute return perspective and not-exclusively a US Dollar bear strategy that only generates an positive return if the US Dollar falls. Currency and interest rate arbitrate is possible using the actual currencies and debt instruments, but that is well beyond the capabilities of the vast majority of non-professional investors (in addition to being extremely difficult for the pros as well). My personal view on the US Dollar is bearish, though my time horizon is longer than the next year. The reason is simple: inflation in the US WILL rise from current levels in the future and the large US trade deficit means that America Inc continues to purchase more foreign goods than it sells domestically, which prevents the US Dollar from serving as a reliable medium-term or long-term investment. Remember when your grandfather told you about how hot dogs used to only cost 10 cents back in the day? Well, it’s because the US Dollar has lost over 90% of its purchasing power since WWII, despite the fact that it has been a relatively stable currency over that same time period on a comparative basis. Additionally, I’d point out that the Chinese currency (Yuan / RMB) is ABSOLUTELY undervalued due to its non-free floating nature, and as the Chinese government allows the true value of the RMB to be realized at a highly uncertain-yet inevitable-point in the future, it is nearly certain to appreciate in value.

Currencies

Overview: Almost zero beta vs. S&P. Returns aren’t impressive over time but is necessary asset class addition. It’s an important hedge versus foreign/emerging market debt holdings.

• Open-end mutual funds:
  • MABFX: Merk Absolute Return
    • It’s a long/short fund, don’t care about the US Dollar, just absolute return
    • 1.3% annual fee
    • Just started in September
• CEFs:
  • GCF: Global Income & Currency Fund
    • L/S currency, does not use leverage
    • 13.5% discount, 5 year avg is 0.9% discount
    • 1.2% annual fee
    • Started in 2006
    • 4.55% std dev on 3 year basis
    • Has an annual repurchase option, can sell around NAV
• ETFs:
  • CEW: Wisdomtree emerging market currency
    • 0.55% annual fee
  • CYB: WisdomTree Chinese Yuan Fund
    • China’s RMB/Yuan WILL appreciate over time, for sure
    • 3/4 of the Chinese government’s foreign reserves in dollar-denominated assets, Beijing has been losing purchasing power due to the U.S  dollar’s declines in value

Strategies For Uncertain Times: THE OVERVIEW

I believe that tremendous uncertainty supports the adoption of hedge fund replication strategies.

At the end of 2008 I felt very certain that, given the oversold levels of various equity markets around the world, a basket of China, India, and LatAm (Brazil) were extremely likely to experience very solid price appreciation. Multiples for their respective indexes were lower than they were in the US (which is rare) and I knew that emerging market economies will precede the US coming out of the trough of the macro cycle. Additionally, their macroeconomic situations were comparatively healthy versus the US. In retrospect, it was a no-brainer and a huge winner. I nearly bottom-ticked those equity markets and ended up doing extremely well on a percentage/relative basis as their TTM performance has been stellar.

This year I have the entirely opposite mindset: I have ZERO idea what will happen to equities over the next two years and I think anyone who says they do is selling a theory that they can’t realistically support as actually PROBABLE. Hence, I’ve put together a list of strategies/asset classes that, in aggregate, satisfy my desire to make money over the next year or two. Some ideas are targeted at generating current income, some ideas are targeted at capturing potential equity market appreciation, and some ideas are just uncorrelated strategies or asset classes that offer non-equity means of potentially increasing in value (income plus price appreciation).

Some people refer to compiling these strategies and/or adding non-equity  asset classes  as “hedge fund replication” whereas I just call it considering your alternatives (zing). I believe that, while unlikely to repeat the huge outperformance of my portfolio this over past 12 months, this strategy should produce sold tax-managed returns with favorable volatility over the next one to two years. This is really just a study I prepared for myself (AKA The Dan-Don’t-Be-Broke-Portfolio), but you might find some interesting info for yourself.

There is a considerable amount of disagreement about the definition of the term “hedge fund replication” but, to me at least, it means any combination of three things: 1) not being exclusively long equities (long only), 2) maintaining short exposure as a hedge against bearish moves in equities or the economy overall, and 3) looking at various asset classes and strategies that seek to generate uncorrelated or low-correlation returns with equities.

Clearly 2008 demonstrated that many “hedge funds” were not appropriately hedged, if at all. If the S&P was down 30%+ in 2008 and hedge fund XYZ was down roughly the same amount, then they did not come close to producing returns for their investors that were either 1) positive on an absolute basis (greater value at end-of-period than at beginning-of-period), or 2) positive on a relative basis (lost less value on a percentage basis than the S&P, which is admirable but still fails to increase investor wealth), and 3) most likely generated a return that was highly correlated with the performance of the S&P, which is not acceptable given that investors pay high fees to hedge funds in the expectation that they do NOT produce results similar to what the overall equity market does.

This list is not inherently “fully hedged” or “market neutral” but the list (when aggregated as a portfolio) has a correlation with the S&P of less than 1.0 and potentially has the ability to increase in value even if the S&P falls.  Obviously, my allocation to each of these strategies will vary greatly depending on changes in value, and I might not even currently employ any one of them at all.

Non equity asset classes:

-Commodities

-Debt (emerging market)

-Debt (floating or variable corporate)

-Muni bonds

-Closed end fund (CEFs) arbitrage

-Private equity and/or venture capital (PE and VC)

-Currencies

-Convertible bond arbitrage

Equity-based strategies:

-Merger arbitrage and special situations

-Closed end fund Fund-of-Funds (CEF FoF)

-Biotechnology

-Stock buyback funds

Covered call funds (buy-write strategy)

Real estate (US and/or international)

Long/short equity (partially hedged or market neutral equity)

Managed futures (this can mean several things)

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I have prepared my own investment guide that spans all of these strategies. You can download it by clicking here.

Strategies For Uncertain Times

I prepared it awhile back, so it may not reflect current market conditions, valuations, or discounts. It is based on my own financial situation, goals and objectives, risk profile, and tax considerations. My picks/selections are bolded, there may be two per strategy/asset class. In many cases I prefer closed-end mutual funds (CEFs) b/c they trade on an exchange like stocks, and frequently trade at discounts to their “net assets” per-share, which occasionally creates a built-in margin of safety. I will continue to hold a good portion of emerging market equities, which I trade in and out of depending on valuation on price changes. I hold HAO for China, GML for Latin America, RSX for Russia, and EPI for India. I just typed up my handwritten notes, so there are plenty of abbreviations, typos, and short-hand notes. The format isn’t meant to be anything more than acceptable, so just call me if you have a question about what something means or what I’m thinking.